To provide a thorough and detailed update of your dental condition, dentists require more than just a visual examination. Dental X-rays allow dentists to see the unseen. They are used to examine what is happening in between the teeth, underneath the gums, teeth roots and supporting bone. Dental X-rays, therefore, are an essential diagnostic tool that aid in the detection of decay or disease not visible during a regular dental exam. They are beneficial as they help the dentist find and treat dental problems in their early developmental stages, letting you dodge costly procedures and unnecessary discomfort.
Types of Dental X-rays
The following type of X-rays are most common:
- Panoramic or full mouth X-ray comes handy when you need your wisdom teeth removed. This type of X-ray reveals your entire mouth in one image, allowing your dentist to pinpoint the exact location of impacted teeth, tumors or problems with your temporomandibular joint.
- Periapical, or a single tooth zoomed in from crown to root, is usually used to diagnose an abscess or a cyst, and to disclose changes to the roots of the teeth and surrounding bone.
- Bitewing: Few upper and lower teeth exposed on the surface. It is commonly taken during routine dental visits, can show cavities starting to develop between your teeth, as well as bone loss due to gum (periodontal) disease.
- Cephalometric projections: Side view of entire head for orthodontic and jaw related treatments.
- Cone beam computed tomography: 3D images of dental structures, soft tissue, nerves, and bone for dental surgery related cases like cysts and dental implants.
How often Dental X-rays should be taken?
The frequency depends on one’s medical and dental history as well as current condition. Your oral health, age, risk of disease and any signs of oral disease, are certain factors that determine how often you’re exposed to the radiation. New patients may need to undertake X-rays as apart of the initial exam and to establish a baseline record to compare changes that may occur over time.
How safe are Dental X-rays?
Radiations from dental X-rays, like all other radiations, can damage the body tissues and cells and can even cause cancer in some instances. However, digital dental X-rays expose you to extremely small dose of radiation. The tools and techniques are designed to limit the body’s exposure to radiation and work on ALARA principle (As Low As Reasonably Achievable).
A leaded apron minimizes exposure to the abdomen and may be used when it will not interfere with acquisition of the dental radiograph. A leaded thyroid collar is also used to protect the thyroid from radiation, especially for women of childbearing age, pregnant women and children.
Advances in dentistry over the years have lead to a number of measures that minimize the risks associated with X-rays. But, even with the safety advancements, the effects of radiation are cumulated over lifetime.
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