The prostate is a walnut shaped exocrine gland in men. The fluid secreted by this gland nourishes and transports the sperm to the vagina. Prostate gland is also responsible for urine control in men.
Cancer in the prostate gland is the one of most common cause of cancer in men.
Symptoms
Usually, symptoms are absent in the early stages of prostate cancer. In the later stages the common symptoms are, difficulty in urinating, blood in the urine, severe discomfort in the pelvic area, erectile dysfunction, loss of control of urination, painful urination or ejaculation and, bone pain.
Causes
The exact cause for prostate cancer is not known. Prostate cancer begins due to abnormality with some cells in the prostate. There is mutation in the dna of the abnormal cells which results the cells in growing and dividing faster than normal cells. While healthy cells have a shorter life span, the abnormal cells continue living and accumulate and form a tumor. Some abnormal cells can also break off and spread to other parts of the body (metastasis). However, certain risk factors have been identified which could be contributory. The most common risk factors are:
- Age: The risk of prostate cancer increases after the age of 65 years.
- Genetic: The risk of getting prostate cancer is quite high if members of the family have had it.
- Geography: Prostate cancer is more common in men in North America, Australia, and Europe. Diet and lifestyle may be the reasons for this.
- Obesity: Obesity is also found to be a common risk factor in getting prostate cancer.
Treatment
Treatment of prostate cancer depends on the stage of the cancer at which it has been detected. Some of the common treatment options include:
- Observation
- Active surveillance
- Surgery
- Radiation therapy
- Hormonal therapy
- Chemotherapy
- Immunotherapy
- Bone-directed therapy
The risk of developing prostate cancer may be reduced if one avoids foods high in fats and eats a diet full of fresh fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Exercising regularly and maintaining a healthy weight are also recommended to help reduce the risks of getting prostate cancer.
Disclaimer: The information in no way constitutes, or should be construed as medical advice. Nor is the above article an endorsement of any research findings discussed in the article an endorsement for any of the source publications.
Sources-
- https://www.medicinenet.com/prostate_cancer/article.htm
- https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/150086.php
- https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/prostate-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20353087
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